Hangbo Alloy Group
Shanghai · Est. 2012
UNS N06625 / AWS A5.14 ERNiCrMo-3 / ISO 18274 S Ni 6625 (NiCr22Mo9Nb) / W.Nr. 2.4831 — The most widely used nickel-alloy welding consumable for Inconel 625, dissimilar metal joints, CRA overlay cladding, and 9% Ni cryogenic steel.
ERNiCrMo-3 is a solid nickel-chromium-molybdenum-niobium bare welding wire classified under AWS A5.14 and ISO 18274 as S Ni 6625 (NiCr22Mo9Nb). It matches the composition and properties of Inconel 625 (UNS N06625), one of the most versatile nickel superalloys ever developed. With approximately 22% chromium, 9% molybdenum, and 3.5% niobium on a ≥58% nickel matrix, ERNiCrMo-3 produces weld deposits with outstanding strength, pitting resistance, and oxidation resistance — without requiring post-weld precipitation hardening.
ERNiCrMo-3 is the single most widely consumed nickel-alloy welding filler in industrial production. Its dominance spans offshore oil & gas (CRA overlay on subsea equipment), LNG (9% Ni steel cryogenic welds), chemical processing (reactor vessels, heat exchangers), power generation (HRSG and boiler dissimilar joints), nuclear (reactor vessel cladding), marine (seawater systems), and aerospace (engine exhaust). No other nickel filler metal covers such a broad range of base-metal combinations, service environments, and welding processes.
Hangbo Alloy Group manufactures and supplies ERNiCrMo-3 welding wire in TIG rods, MIG spools, SAW coils, and matching ENiCrMo-3 covered electrodes — all certified to AWS/ASME, ISO, and NACE standards. Request a quote for competitive pricing on standard and custom sizes.
Hangbo Alloy Group supplies certified ERNiCrMo-3 TIG rods, MIG wire, SAW wire, and ENiCrMo-3 electrodes with full EN 10204 3.1/3.2 MTC. Standard sizes in stock. Custom diameters available.
The composition of ERNiCrMo-3 is controlled per AWS A5.14 to match Inconel 625 base metal. The high nickel content provides a stable austenitic matrix; chromium gives oxidation and hot-gas corrosion resistance; molybdenum enhances pitting and crevice corrosion resistance; and niobium provides solid-solution strengthening without the need for age hardening.
| Element | AWS A5.14 Spec (%) | Typical Weld Metal (%) | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nickel (Ni) | ≥58.0 | 64.0 | Base matrix; stable austenite; corrosion resistance |
| Chromium (Cr) | 20.0–23.0 | 21.7 | Oxidation resistance; passive film formation |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 8.0–10.0 | 8.7 | Pitting & crevice corrosion resistance; solid-solution strengthening |
| Niobium+Tantalum (Nb+Ta) | 3.15–4.15 | 3.35 | Matrix stiffening; high as-welded strength without aging |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤5.0 | 1.48 | Controlled low level for true nickel-base behavior |
| Carbon (C) | ≤0.10 | 0.02 | Low carbon for intergranular corrosion resistance |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤0.50 | 0.05 | Deoxidizer; minor strengthening |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤0.50 | 0.07 | Deoxidizer; kept low to minimize hot cracking |
| Copper (Cu) | ≤0.50 | 0.01 | Impurity control |
| Aluminum (Al) | ≤0.40 | 0.08 | Deoxidizer; minor grain refinement |
| Titanium (Ti) | ≤0.40 | 0.20 | Carbon stabilization; minor grain refinement |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.020 | 0.003 | Kept very low to prevent hot cracking |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤0.015 | 0.001 | Kept very low to prevent hot cracking |
| Other (total) | ≤0.50 | — | Trace element control |
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 8.4 g/cm³ (0.304 lb/in³) |
| Melting Range | 1290–1350°C (2354–2462°F) |
| Crystal Structure | FCC austenitic (face-centered cubic) |
| Magnetic Properties | Non-magnetic |
| Thermal Conductivity (20°C) | ~9.8 W/m·K |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20–100°C) | 12.8 × 10−&sup6; /°C |
| Electrical Resistivity (20°C) | ~1.29 μΩ·m |
| Service Temperature Range | −200 to +980°C (−328 to +1800°F) |
The weld deposit of ERNiCrMo-3 achieves high strength and excellent ductility in the as-welded condition — no post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) is required for most applications. The niobium and molybdenum provide solid-solution strengthening, while the FCC austenitic structure ensures toughness from cryogenic temperatures up to 980°C.
| Property | AWS Requirement | Typical As-Welded | After PWHT (550°C/1h) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | ≥760 MPa (110 ksi) | 760–820 MPa (110–119 ksi) | 590 MPa (86 ksi) |
| Yield Strength (0.2% offset) | Not specified | 470–520 MPa (68–75 ksi) | 360 MPa (52 ksi) |
| Elongation | ≥30% | 35–47% | 49% |
| Hardness | — | ~90 HRB (17–18 HRC) | — |
| Reduction of Area | — | ~45% | — |
| Test Temperature | Impact Energy (Typical) |
|---|---|
| +20°C (+68°F) | ~200 J (~148 ft-lb) |
| −40°C (−40°F) | ~170 J (~126 ft-lb) |
| −196°C (−321°F) | ~140 J (~104 ft-lb) |
The exceptional cryogenic toughness of ERNiCrMo-3 welds makes this filler the standard choice for 9% nickel steel (ASTM A553) LNG storage tanks and cryogenic piping. Even at liquid nitrogen temperature (−196°C), the weld metal retains over 140 J of Charpy V-notch energy — far exceeding the 27 J minimum typically specified for cryogenic service.
The ERNiCrMo-3 weld deposit inherits the exceptional corrosion resistance of Inconel 625 base metal. The synergistic combination of chromium, molybdenum, and niobium on a high-nickel matrix provides:
For the most aggressive reducing environments (concentrated hot HCl or H₂SO₄), ERNiCrMo-4 (Hastelloy C-276 filler) with its higher 15–17% Mo may be preferred. For high-temperature structural applications above 650°C, the formation of Ni₃Nb (γ″) and delta-phase precipitates should be considered in long-term service design.
Full range of TIG rods (1.0–3.2 mm), MIG spools (0.8–1.6 mm), SAW wire (2.0–4.0 mm), and ENiCrMo-3 electrodes. Certified to AWS A5.14, ASME SFA-5.14, ISO 18274. NACE-compliant. Global shipping.
| Rod Diameter (mm) | Current (A, DCEN) | Voltage (V) | Shielding Gas | Gas Flow (L/min) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.6 (1/16″) | 80–130 | 12–15 | 100% Ar | 12–18 |
| 2.4 (3/32″) | 120–175 | 13–17 | 100% Ar | 12–18 |
| 3.2 (1/8″) | 150–220 | 14–18 | 100% Ar or Ar/He | 15–20 |
| Wire Diameter (mm) | Transfer Mode | Current (A, DCEP) | Voltage (V) | Shielding Gas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.9 | Short-circuit | 80–100 | 18–20 | 100% Ar or 75Ar/25He |
| 1.2 | Short-circuit | 90–170 | 19–23 | 100% Ar or 75Ar/25He |
| 1.2 | Spray / Pulsed | 200–260 | 28–32 | 100% Ar or Ar+20-30%He |
| 1.6 | Spray / Pulsed | 200–250 | 29–33 | 100% Ar or Ar+20-30%He |
| Pass Type | Current (A) | Voltage (V) | Wire Feed (ipm) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Root Pass | 250–280 | 26–28 | 150–180 | CTWD: 25 mm |
| Fill Pass | 300–350 | 28–30 | 190–220 | CTWD: 25–30 mm |
| Capping | 380–420 | 30–31 | 230–260 | CTWD: 30 mm |
| Overlay / Clad | 290–340 | 26–29 | 180–210 | Dilution control critical |
| Parameter | Recommended Value | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| Preheat | Not required on Ni alloys | Excessive preheat causes distortion and unwanted phase precipitation |
| Max Interpass (general) | 150°C (300°F) | Prevents heat accumulation and Laves phase formation |
| Max Interpass (9% Ni steel) | 100°C (212°F) | Preserves cryogenic toughness of Ni steel HAZ |
| Max Heat Input | 1.5 kJ/mm | Low heat input prevents hot cracking and microsegregation |
| PWHT | Generally not required | As-welded properties sufficient for most applications |
| Optional Solution Anneal | 1060–1150°C / 1–2 h | Dissolves Laves/δ phase for critical nuclear/aerospace service |
ERNiCrMo-3 serves the broadest application range of any nickel-alloy filler metal in commercial production:
| Product Form | Diameter (mm) | Packaging | Process |
|---|---|---|---|
| TIG Rods (straight cut lengths) | 1.0, 1.6, 2.4, 3.2 | 5 kg/box, 914 mm or 1000 mm lengths | GTAW |
| MIG Wire (spooled) | 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.2, 1.6 | D300 plastic/metal spools, 5–15 kg | GMAW |
| MIG Wire (drum) | 1.0, 1.2, 1.6 | 250 kg bulk drum | GMAW (robotic/mechanized) |
| SAW Wire (coil/drum) | 2.0, 2.4, 3.2, 4.0 | 25 kg coil or 250 kg drum | SAW |
| ENiCrMo-3 Electrodes | 2.5, 3.2, 4.0, 5.0 | Sealed cartons, 2–5 kg | SMAW |
| Standard | Classification | Scope |
|---|---|---|
| AWS A5.14 / A5.14M | ERNiCrMo-3 | Nickel and nickel-alloy bare welding electrodes and rods |
| ASME SFA-5.14 | ERNiCrMo-3 | ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code (Section II, Part C) |
| ISO 18274 | S Ni 6625 (NiCr22Mo9Nb) | Welding consumables — solid wire electrodes for nickel and nickel alloys |
| Werkstoff Nr. | 2.4831 | German/DIN material number |
| UNS | N06625 | Unified Numbering System (same as Inconel 625 base metal) |
| ASME Section IX | F-No. 43, A-No. 11 | Welding procedure and performance qualification |
| AWS A5.11 | ENiCrMo-3 | Matching covered electrode for SMAW |
| NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 | Compliant (hardness <22 HRC) | Sour service in oil and gas production |
| Defect | Cause | Prevention |
|---|---|---|
| Porosity | Poor gas coverage; surface contamination (oil, grease, moisture); inadequate pipe purging | Degrease with acetone/MEK within 25 mm of joint; maintain gas flow 12–20 L/min; back-purge root passes; never use CO₂ |
| Hot Cracking | Nb and Mo microsegregation at high heat input or high joint restraint | Use stringer beads only; keep heat input ≤1.5 kJ/mm; maintain interpass <150°C; minimize joint restraint |
| Laves Phase | Brittle Ni₂Cr/MoNb intermetallic forming during slow cooling through 650–980°C | Control heat input; avoid slow cooling; optional solution anneal at 1060–1150°C for critical service |
| Lack of Fusion | Sluggish weld pool with poor wetting characteristic of nickel alloys | Keep arc length short; use slightly wider weave; maintain proper travel speed; ensure adequate amperage |
| Filler Metal | AWS Class | Key Composition | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|
| ERNiCrMo-3 | ERNiCrMo-3 | Ni-22Cr-9Mo-3.5Nb | Inconel 625, CRA cladding, dissimilar joints, 9% Ni steel, offshore |
| ERNiCrMo-4 | ERNiCrMo-4 | Ni-16Cr-16Mo (no Nb) | Hastelloy C-276, reducing acids (HCl, H₂SO₄) |
| ERNiCr-3 (Inconel 82) | ERNiCr-3 | Ni-20Cr-3Mn-2.5Nb (no Mo) | Inconel 600/601, Incoloy 800, general dissimilar welds |
| ERNiCrFe-7 (Inconel 52) | ERNiCrFe-7 | Ni-30Cr-9Fe (no Mo, no Nb) | Inconel 690, nuclear steam generators, SCC-resistant overlay |
| ERNiCrMo-10 | ERNiCrMo-10 | Ni-21Cr-9Mo-3.5Nb+Co (Inconel 622) | Hastelloy X, high-temperature oxidation service |
Hangbo Alloy Group is a leading manufacturer and global supplier of ERNiCrMo-3 / Inconel 625 welding consumables. All standard sizes in stock. Full certification (AWS/ASME, ISO 18274, NACE). Fast global shipping from Shanghai.
ERNiCrMo-3 — classified under AWS A5.14 and ISO 18274 as S Ni 6625 (NiCr22Mo9Nb) — is a nickel-chromium-molybdenum-niobium solid welding wire matching the composition of Inconel 625 (UNS N06625). It is the most widely used nickel-alloy welding consumable in the world, employed for GTAW (TIG), GMAW (MIG), and SAW welding of Inconel 625, Incoloy 825, 25-6Mo super-austenitic stainless steels, dissimilar metal joints between nickel alloys and carbon/stainless steels, and corrosion-resistant alloy (CRA) overlay cladding on pressure vessel steels. The combination of ~22% Cr, ~9% Mo, and ~3.5% Nb provides outstanding pitting and crevice corrosion resistance with high as-welded strength.
Per AWS A5.14, ERNiCrMo-3 composition limits are: Nickel (Ni) ≥58.0%, Chromium (Cr) 20.0–23.0%, Molybdenum (Mo) 8.0–10.0%, Niobium+Tantalum (Nb+Ta) 3.15–4.15%, Iron (Fe) ≤5.0%, Carbon (C) ≤0.10%, Manganese (Mn) ≤0.50%, Silicon (Si) ≤0.50%, Copper (Cu) ≤0.50%, Aluminum (Al) ≤0.40%, Titanium (Ti) ≤0.40%, Phosphorus (P) ≤0.020%, Sulfur (S) ≤0.015%, Other elements ≤0.50% total. A typical weld deposit analysis is: Ni 64%, Cr 21.7%, Mo 8.7%, Nb 3.35%, Fe 1.48%, C 0.02%, Si 0.07%, Mn 0.05%.
Typical all-weld-metal properties in the as-welded condition: tensile strength 760–820 MPa (110–119 ksi), yield strength (0.2% offset) 470–520 MPa (68–75 ksi), elongation 35–47%. AWS A5.14 minimum requirements are tensile ≥760 MPa and elongation ≥30%. Charpy V-notch impact toughness is excellent: ~200 J at 20°C, ~170 J at −40°C, and ~140 J at −196°C. Hardness is approximately 90 HRB (17–18 HRC), well below the 22 HRC maximum required by NACE MR0175 for sour service overlays.
ERNiCrMo-3 is used in GTAW (TIG), GMAW (MIG), and SAW (submerged arc) processes. For GTAW: DCEN, 100% Ar shielding, 1.6 mm rod at 80–130 A / 12–15 V, 2.4 mm at 120–175 A / 13–17 V, 3.2 mm at 150–220 A / 14–18 V. For GMAW: short-circuit transfer at 80–170 A / 18–23 V with 100% Ar or 75Ar/25He; spray transfer at 200–260 A / 28–32 V with 100% Ar or Ar+20-30%He. For SAW: 2.4 mm wire at 250–420 A / 26–31 V with basic nickel-alloy flux. Maximum interpass temperature 150°C; no preheat required on nickel alloys.
ERNiCrMo-3 has the broadest application range of any nickel welding filler: (1) Welding Inconel 625 base metal for offshore, aerospace, and chemical service; (2) Welding Incoloy 825, 25-6Mo, Alloy 20, and 904L; (3) Dissimilar metal welds between nickel alloys and carbon/stainless steels; (4) CRA weld overlay cladding on carbon steel pressure vessels, piping, and heat exchangers per NACE MR0175; (5) 9% Ni steel (ASTM A553) LNG cryogenic storage tanks; (6) Subsea flowlines, production manifolds, and Christmas trees; (7) Nuclear reactor vessel cladding; (8) Power plant HRSG and boiler dissimilar joints; (9) Pulp and paper recovery boilers; (10) Marine heat exchangers and desalination.
Key standards: AWS A5.14/A5.14M (ERNiCrMo-3); ASME SFA-5.14 (ERNiCrMo-3); ASME IX F-No. 43, A-No. 11; ISO 18274 (S Ni 6625 / NiCr22Mo9Nb); Werkstoff Nr. 2.4831; UNS N06625; EN ISO 14172 for the matching covered electrode ENiCrMo-3 (AWS A5.11). The filler is qualified under ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section IX and complies with NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 for sour service when deposited hardness remains below 22 HRC.
Yes. ERNiCrMo-3 is the industry-standard filler for dissimilar metal welds between nickel alloys (Inconel 625, 600, 690) and carbon steel, low-alloy steel, or austenitic/duplex stainless steels. The nickel-rich austenitic deposit accommodates thermal expansion mismatch, resists hydrogen-induced cracking, and provides a corrosion-resistant transition. Common applications include pipe-to-flange transitions in process piping, boiler tube-to-tubesheet joints, and safe-end welds in pressure vessels. Careful control of dilution (typically <30% for the first pass) and heat input is required to avoid unmixed zones and fusion-boundary martensite.
ERNiCrMo-3 (Inconel 625) and ERNiCrMo-4 (Hastelloy C-276) are both Ni-Cr-Mo fillers but differ significantly: ERNiCrMo-3 contains 3.15–4.15% Nb for solid-solution strengthening and higher as-welded strength (760+ MPa vs ~690 MPa), making it better for structural and dissimilar joints. ERNiCrMo-4 has higher Mo (15–17%) and no Nb, giving superior resistance to reducing acids (HCl, H₂SO₄) and localized corrosion in aggressive chemical media. ERNiCrMo-3 is preferred for offshore, LNG, CRA cladding, and dissimilar welds; ERNiCrMo-4 is preferred for chemical process vessels handling hot HCl or H₂SO₄.
The density of ERNiCrMo-3 weld metal is approximately 8.4 g/cm³ (0.304 lb/in³). The melting range of the Inconel 625 filler wire is approximately 1290–1350°C (2354–2462°F), matching the base alloy. The weld metal retains a face-centered cubic (FCC) austenitic structure and is non-magnetic. The usable service temperature range for ERNiCrMo-3 welds extends from cryogenic temperatures (−200°C / −328°F) for LNG applications up to approximately 980°C (1800°F) for oxidation-limited service.
Hangbo Alloy Group supplies ERNiCrMo-3 in multiple product forms: TIG rods / straight cut lengths (diameter 1.0, 1.6, 2.4, 3.2 mm; lengths 914 mm or 1000 mm); MIG wire on plastic or metal spools (diameter 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.2, 1.6 mm; spool weights 5–15 kg); SAW wire in coils or drums (diameter 2.0, 2.4, 3.2, 4.0 mm); and matching covered electrodes ENiCrMo-3 (AWS A5.11, diameter 2.5, 3.2, 4.0, 5.0 mm). Surfaces are available in bright or dull finish. All products can be supplied with EN 10204 3.1/3.2 MTC, AWS/ASME qualification, and full lot traceability.
ERNiCrMo-3 is a high-volume nickel-alloy filler with pricing typically in the range of $35–70/kg for TIG rods, $30–55/kg for MIG wire on spools, and $35–65/kg for SAW wire, depending on diameter, spool size, surface finish, certification level, and current nickel market conditions. Nuclear-grade or NACE-certified material with full lot testing commands the upper end. Lead times are typically 2–4 weeks for standard sizes from stock and 4–8 weeks for special sizes or certified lots. Contact [email protected] or call +86-136-1165-6360 for a competitive quote.
The three most common ERNiCrMo-3 welding defects are: (1) Porosity — caused by poor shielding gas coverage, surface contamination (oil, grease, moisture), or inadequate purging; prevention: thorough degreasing with acetone/MEK within 25 mm of the joint, proper gas flow (12–20 L/min GTAW), and back-purging for pipe root passes. (2) Hot cracking — associated with Nb and Mo microsegregation at high heat input or high restraint; prevention: use stringer beads, low heat input (≤1.5 kJ/mm), keep interpass below 150°C, and avoid excessive joint restraint. (3) Laves phase formation — a brittle intermetallic (Ni₂Cr/MoNb) that forms at prolonged high temperature; prevention: control heat input and avoid slow cooling through the 650–980°C range. No CO₂ should ever be used as shielding gas for nickel-alloy GMAW.
Yes. ERNiCrMo-3 weld deposits typically exhibit hardness of 17–18 HRC (approximately 90 HRB), which is well below the 22 HRC maximum specified by NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 for corrosion-resistant alloy overlays in sour oil and gas service. This makes ERNiCrMo-3 the standard filler for CRA weld overlay on carbon steel subsea equipment, flowline connectors, valves, and pressure vessels exposed to H₂S-containing produced fluids. The deposit's resistance to pitting (PREN ≈ 48 based on Cr + 3.3×Mo) and stress corrosion cracking in chloride-rich sour environments is a key reason for its dominance in offshore oil and gas applications.
Hangbo Alloy Group Co., Ltd. is a Shanghai-based manufacturer and global supplier of nickel-alloy welding consumables. ERNiCrMo-3 / Inconel 625 wire, rods, and electrodes available with full certification and competitive pricing. Contact us today for a quotation.
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